目次

vagrant

Install

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox-4.2.16-86992-Win.exe ※Ver4.3はvirtualboxが動作しないバグあり

http://www.vagrantup.com/ Vagrant Archive http://downloads.vagrantup.com/ Vagrant_1.2.4.msi

http://www.vagrantbox.es/ セットアップ済みのOSイメージ VMWareとVirtualBOXの2種類あるが、VirtualBOX使用。

基本動作

$ vagrant box add {title} {url}
$ vagrant init {title}
$ vagrant up

ヘルプ表示

C:\Users\*****>vagrant -h
Usage: vagrant [-v] [-h] command [<args>]

    -v, --version                    Print the version and exit.
    -h, --help                       Print this help.

Available subcommands:
     box
     destroy
     halt
     init
     package
     plugin
     provision
     reload
     resume
     sandbox
     ssh
     ssh-config
     status
     suspend
     up

For help on any individual command run `vagrant COMMAND -h`

バージョン表示

C:\Users\*****>vagrant -v
Vagrant version 1.2.4

BOXファイルをダウンロード

C:\Users\*****>vagrant box add centos http://developer.nrel.gov/downloads/vagrant-boxes/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-v20130101.box

標準ではC:\Users\*\.vagrant.d\boxes配下にダウンロードされる

ダウンロード後に作成される「C:\Users\*\.vagrant.d\boxes\centos\virtualbox\Vagrantfile」に アプリのインストールなど共通処理を記述しておくと、セットアップ時に自動実行される

OS初期化

C:\Users\*****>vagrant init centos

コマンド実行時のディレクトリ（標準ではC:\Users\*\）に設定ファイル「Vagrantfile」が作成される

VM作成・起動

C:\Users\*****>vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
[default] Importing base box 'centos'...
[default] Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
[default] Setting the name of the VM...
[default] Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
[default] Fixed port collision for 22 => 2222. Now on port 2200.
[default] Creating shared folders metadata...
[default] Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
[default] Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
[default] Forwarding ports...
[default] -- 22 => 2200 (adapter 1)
[default] Booting VM...
[default] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes.
[default] VM booted and ready for use!
[default] Mounting shared folders...
[default] -- /vagrant

状態確認

C:\Users\*****>vagrant status
Current machine states:

default                   running (virtualbox)

The VM is running. To stop this VM, you can run `vagrant halt` to
shut it down forcefully, or you can run `vagrant suspend` to simply
suspend the virtual machine. In either case, to restart it again,
simply run `vagrant up`.

ssh接続

C:\Users\*****>vagrant ssh
`ssh` executable not found in any directories in the %PATH% variable. Is an
SSH client installed? Try installing Cygwin, MinGW or Git, all of which
contain an SSH client. Or use the PuTTY SSH client with the following
authentication information shown below:

Host: 127.0.0.1
Port: 2200
Username: vagrant
Private key: C:/Users/*****/.vagrant.d/insecure_private_key

SSHクライアント（puttyなど）で接続

デフォルトのユーザ/パスワードは「vagrant/vagrant」 

login as: vagrant
vagrant@127.0.0.1's password:（vagrant）
Welcome to your Vagrant-built virtual machine.
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo su -
[root@localhost ~]#

vm起動

vagrant up

vm停止

vagrant halt

vm削除

vagrant destroy

プロジェクト毎に設定ファイルを分けて、任意のvm名で起動する。

プロジェクト名：samplePJ vm名：sampleVM ipアドレス：192.168.10.199 

C:\Users\*****>mkdir samplePJ
C:\Users\*****>cd samplePJ
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant init centos
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

C:\Users\*\samplePJ\Vagrantfileを編集 

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "centos"

  config.vm.define :sampleVM do |sampleVM|
    sampleVM.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.10.199"
  end
end
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant init centos
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant up sampleVM
Bringing machine 'sampleVM' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
[sampleVM] Importing base box 'centos'...
[0K[sampleVM] Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
[sampleVM] Setting the name of the VM...
[sampleVM] Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
[sampleVM] Fixed port collision for 22 => 2222. Now on port 2200.
[sampleVM] Creating shared folders metadata...
[sampleVM] Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
[sampleVM] Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
[sampleVM] Forwarding ports...
[sampleVM] -- 22 => 2200 (adapter 1)
[sampleVM] Booting VM...
[sampleVM] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes.
[sampleVM] VM booted and ready for use!
[sampleVM] Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
[sampleVM] Mounting shared folders...
[sampleVM] -- /vagrant
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ\.vagrant\machines
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ\.vagrant\machines\sampleVM\virtualbox\id
0c17f8bf-e56f-4a1b-8f7c-6c94bb587415
C:\Users\*****\VirtualBox VMs\～

samplePJ_1390202702ディレクトリが作成されて、配下にvm保存 

C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant status
Current machine states:

sampleVM                  running (virtualbox)

The VM is running. To stop this VM, you can run `vagrant halt` to
shut it down forcefully, or you can run `vagrant suspend` to simply
suspend the virtual machine. In either case, to restart it again,
simply run `vagrant up`.
C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant ssh sampleVM
`ssh` executable not found in any directories in the %PATH% variable. Is an
SSH client installed? Try installing Cygwin, MinGW or Git, all of which
contain an SSH client. Or use the PuTTY SSH client with the following
authentication information shown below:

Host: 127.0.0.1
Port: 2200
Username: vagrant
Private key: C:/Users/*****/.vagrant.d/insecure_private_key

putty 

login as: vagrant
vagrant@192.168.10.199's password:（vagrant）
Welcome to your Vagrant-built virtual machine.
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo su -
[root@localhost ~]#

追加ディスク

「db01-disk001.vdi」という5GBのファイルを作成して、アタッチする。 

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.define :db01 do |node|
    node.vm.box = "chef/centos-6.6"
    node.vm.hostname = "db01.dev"
    node.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.211"
    
    node.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vm|
      ext_disk = 'db01-disk001.vdi'
      unless File.exists?(ext_disk)
        vm.customize ['createhd', '--filename', ext_disk, '--size', 5 * 1024]
      end
      vm.customize ['storageattach', :id,
                    '--storagectl', 'IDE Controller',
                    '--port',       1, 
                    '--device',     0, 
                    '--type',       'hdd', 
                    '--medium',     ext_disk]
    end
  end
end

プラグイン「sahara」

インストール

C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant plugin install sahara

sandboxモード開始

C:\Users\*****\samplePJ>vagrant sandbox on sampleVM
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

sandboxモードの確認

C:\Users\*****>vagrant sandbox status
[sampleVM] Sandbox mode is on

状態の巻き戻し

vmでphpをインストールする 

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep php
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y php
～省略～
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep php
php.x86_64            5.3.3-27.el6_5    @updates
php-cli.x86_64        5.3.3-27.el6_5    @updates
php-common.x86_64     5.3.3-27.el6_5    @updates

vagrantからロールバックコマンドを実行する 

C:\Users\*****>vagrant sandbox rollback sample
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

vmでphpがインストールされていない（される前に戻っている）事を確認 

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep php

sandboxの内容を反映

C:\Users\*****>vagrant sandbox commit sample
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mysql ～省略～ Complete!

sandboxモードの終了

C:\Users\*****>vagrant sandbox off sample
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

※commitされていない処理はcommitされる 

C:\Users\*****>vagrant sandbox status
[sample] Sandbox mode is off
[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql
mysql.x86_64          5.1.71-1.el6      @base
mysql-libs.x86_64     5.1.71-1.el6      @base

vagrant-global-status

C:\Users\*>vagrant plugin install vagrant-global-status Installing the 'vagrant-global-status' plugin. This can take a few minutes… Installed the plugin 'vagrant-global-status (0.1.4)'!

C:\Users\*>vagrant global-status -a

文字化け。。。

C:\Users\*>vagrant status Current machine states:

sample inaccessible (virtualbox)

This environment represents multiple VMs. The VMs are all listed above with their current state. For more information about a specific VM, run `vagrant status NAME`.

C:\Users\*>“C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe” list vms

“<inaccessible>” {4f131712-d950-4f4c-bf08-d9b80d89abe9}

C:\Users\*>“C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe” unregistervm {4f131712-d950-4f4c-bf08-d9b80d89abe9}

C:\Users\*>vagrant status Current machine states:

sample not created (virtualbox)

This environment represents multiple VMs. The VMs are all listed above with their current state. For more information about a specific VM, run `vagrant status NAME`.

Tips

Failed to mount folders

==> cen: Mounting shared folders...
    cen: /vagrant => C:/centos/web/
Failed to mount folders in Linux guest. This is usually because
the "vboxsf" file system is not available. Please verify that
the guest additions are properly installed in the guest and
can work properly. The command attempted was:

mount -t vboxsf -o uid=`id -u vagrant`,gid=`getent group vagrant | cut -d: -f3`
vagrant /vagrant
mount -t vboxsf -o uid=`id -u vagrant`,gid=`id -g vagrant` vagrant /vagrant

The error output from the last command was:

/sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: No such device
# /etc/init.d/vboxadd setup
Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules       [  OK  ]
Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules
The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the following
module compilation fails then this could be the reason.
The missing package can be probably installed with
yum install kernel-devel-2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64

Building the main Guest Additions module                   [FAILED]
(Look at /var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went wrong)
Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions              [  OK  ]
# yum -y install gcc perl kernel-devel-2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64
# /etc/init.d/vboxadd setup